Reported September 2009

ABOUT TYPE II DIABETES: Type II diabetes is the most common form of diabetes. In this form of the disease, either the body does not produce enough insulin, or the cells in the body ignore insulin. This can stop glucose from moving out of the bloodstream and into cells. Cells need the energy that glucose provides, and too much sugar in the blood can cause damage to the eyes, nerves, kidneys or heart. These complications are very similar to the threats from type I diabetes, though type II can sometimes be treated with medications and diet instead of insulin (obtained through injections or in an inhaled form).

WHAT IS BLOOD PRESSURE: Blood pressure is the force in the arteries when the heart beats, and when the heart is at rest. When blood pressure is high, there is an increased risk of heart disease and stroke. It is most common in adults over age 35 and is especially prevalent in African Americans, the middle-aged and elderly, obese people, heavy drinkers and women who are taking birth control pills. Those with diabetes, gout or kidney disease are also prone to suffer from high blood pressure.

WHAT CAUSES HEART ATTACKS: Heart attack is the leading cause of death in North and South America and in Europe. It is usually the result of prolonged hardening and narrowing of the arteries that direct blood into the heart. When blood vessels are healthy, oxygen-rich blood flows easily to all the muscles and organs of the body. If they become clogged by the buildup of fatty deposits on vessel walls, blood can be cut off, killing heart muscle cells. This is called coronary heart disease, and it can lead to heart attacks or strokes.

The American Sociological Association contributed to the information contained in the TV portion of this report.

If you would like more information, please contact:

Markus Schafer
Doctoral Student, Department of Sociology, Purdue University
West Lafayette, IN 47907-2108
(765) 494-1631
mhschafe@purdue.edu

Jackie Cooper
Media Relations Officer
American Sociological Association
(202) 383-9005 x332
JCooper@asanet.org

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